UMa Xinqiang, usihlalo weHuagong Technology kunye nosekela kwiNkongolo yeSizwe yaBantu, kutshanje wamkele udliwano-ndlebe neentatheli waza wabeka phambili iingcebiso zokukhuthaza uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu woshishino lwezixhobo ze-laser kwilizwe lam.
UMa Xinqiang uthe ubuchwephesha belaser busetyenziswa kakhulu kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe, kubandakanywa ukwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso, unxibelelwano, ukusetyenzwa kolwazi, unyango kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo, ugcino lwamandla nokhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo, i-aerospace kunye nezinye iinkalo, kwaye yeyona nto iphambili ekuxhaseni itekhnoloji. uphuhliso lwemveliso echanekileyo ephezulu.Ngo-2022, iyonke intengiso yezixhobo zelaser yelizwe lam iya kubalelwa kwi-61.4% yengeniso yentengiso yezixhobo ze-laser yehlabathi.Kuqikelelwa ukuba ukuthengiswa kwemarike yezixhobo zelaser yelizwe lam kuya kufikelela kwi-92.8 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2023, ukonyuka konyaka ngonyaka nge-6.7%.
ilizwe lam liye laba yeyona marike inkulu yelaser emhlabeni ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.Ekupheleni kuka-2022, kuya kubakho iinkampani ze-laser ezingaphezu kwama-200 ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo e-China, inani elipheleleyo leenkampani zokulungisa izixhobo ze-laser liya kudlula i-1,000, kwaye inani labasebenzi be-laser liya kudlula amakhulu amawaka.Nangona kunjalo, iingozi zokhuseleko lwe-laser zenzeke rhoqo kule minyaka yamva nje, ngakumbi kubandakanya: ukutsha kweretina, izilonda zamehlo, ukutsha kwesikhumba, imililo, iingozi zokusabela kweefotochemical, iingozi zothuli oluyityhefu, kunye nokothuka kombane.Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezifanelekileyo zedatha, owona monakalo mkhulu owenziwe yilaser kumzimba womntu ngamehlo, kwaye iziphumo zomonakalo we-laser kwiliso lomntu awunakuguqulwa, zilandelwa lusu, olubalelwa kwi-80% yomonakalo.
Kwinqanaba lemithetho nemimiselo, iZizwe eziManyeneyo zikhuphe iProtocol yoThintelo lweZixhobo zeLaser eziBlinding.Ukusukela ngoFebruwari 2011, amazwe/imimandla engama-99 kuquka ne-United States isityikitye esi sivumelwano.I-United States ine-"Center for Equipment and Radiological Health (CDRH)", "Laser Product Import Warning Order 95-04", eKhanada inoMthetho we "Radiation Emission Equipment Act", kunye neUnited Kingdom "iMimiselo yoKhuseleko lweMveliso Jikelele 2005 ″, njl., kodwa ilizwe lam alinayo imithetho yolawulo yokhuseleko lwelaser.Ukongeza, amazwe aphuhlileyo afana neYurophu kunye ne-United States afuna ukuba abasebenzi belaser bafumane uqeqesho lokhuseleko lwelaser rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini.Umthetho welizwe lam othi “People’s Republic of China Vocational Education Law” umisela ukuba abasebenzi abenza imisebenzi yobugcisa abaqeshwe ngamashishini kufuneka bafumane imfundo yemveliso yokhuseleko noqeqesho lobugcisa ngaphambi kokuba baqalise imisebenzi yabo.Nangona kunjalo, akukho sithuba segosa lokhuseleko le-laser e-China, kwaye iinkampani ezininzi ze-laser azizange ziseke inkqubo yoxanduva lokhuseleko lwe-laser, kwaye zihlala zityeshela uqeqesho lokhuseleko lomntu.
Kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, ilizwe lam likhuphe umgangatho ocetyiswayo we-"Optical Radiation Safety Laser Specifications" ngo-2012. Kwiminyaka elishumi kamva, umgangatho ogunyazisiweyo wandululwa kwaye ulawulwe nguMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, kwaye uphathiswe kwiKomiti yeSizwe yezobuGcisa. UKhuseleko lwe-Optical Radiation kunye ne-Laser Equipment Standardization ukuze kuphunyezwe., igqibe idrafti yokubonisana esemgangathweni.Emva kokungeniswa komgangatho onyanzelekileyo, akukho migaqo yolawulo efanelekileyo malunga nokhuseleko lwe-laser, akukho liso kunye nokuhlolwa kunye nokuthotyelwa komthetho wolawulo, kwaye kunzima ukuphumeza iimfuno ezimiselweyo ezifunekayo.Kwangaxeshanye, nangona uhlaziyo olutsha oluhlaziyiweyo "Umthetho wokuMiselwa kweRiphabhlikhi yaseChina" ngo-2018 uye womeleza ulawulo olumanyeneyo lwemigangatho enyanzelekileyo, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kuphela uLawulo lukaRhulumente loLawulo lweMarike lukhuphe "iMiqathango yoLawulo loMgangatho weSizwe eSinyanzelo" ukuba chaza inkqubo yokuqulunqa imigangatho enyanzelekileyo, ukuphunyezwa kunye nolongamelo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ingummiselo wesebe, isiphumo sawo somthetho silinganiselwe.
Ukongezelela, kwinqanaba lokulawula, izixhobo ze-laser, ngokukodwa izixhobo ze-laser zamandla aphezulu, azifakwanga kwiikhathalogu zokulawula imveliso yemveliso yelizwe kunye nengingqi.
UMa Xinqiang uthe njengoko izixhobo ze-laser ziqhubeka zihamba kwinqanaba le-10,000-watt nangaphezulu, njengoko inani labenzi bezixhobo ze-laser, iimveliso ze-laser, kunye nabasebenzisi bezixhobo ze-laser liya kwanda, inani leengozi zokhuseleko lwe-laser liya kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe.Ukusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo kolu kukhanya kubalulekile kuzo zombini iinkampani zelaser kunye neenkampani ezifaka izicelo.Ukhuseleko lusisiseko sophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu woshishino lwelaser.Kungxamisekile ukuphucula umthetho wokhuseleko lwelaser, ukunyanzeliswa komthetho wolawulo, kunye nokudala indawo ekhuselekileyo yesicelo selaser.
Ucebise ukuba iBhunga likaRhulumente kufuneka livakalise amanyathelo afanelekileyo okulawula ukuqulunqwa kwemigangatho enyanzelekileyo ngokukhawuleza, ukucacisa ububanzi bemigangatho enyanzelekileyo, iinkqubo zokuqulunqa, ukuphunyezwa kunye nokulawula, njl., Ukubonelela ngenkxaso yomthetho ukuphunyezwa ngokufanelekileyo kwemigangatho efunekayo. .
Okwesibini, uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, uLawulo lweLizwe loLawulo lweMarike kunye namanye amasebe afanelekileyo athetha-thethane ngokugqibeleleyo ukuze akhuphe imigangatho yesinyanzelo yesizwe yokhuseleko lwemitha yokukhanya ngokukhawuleza.Ukuthotyelwa komthetho, kunye nokusekwa kohlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani kunye nenkqubo yokunika ingxelo yokuphunyezwa kwemigangatho, ukuqinisa ingxelo yexesha lokwenene kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokuphunyezwa kwemithetho kunye nemigangatho.
Okwesithathu, ukomeleza ulwakhiwo lweqela letalente lomgangatho wokhuseleko lwe-laser, ukwandisa ukwazisa kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemigangatho enyanzelekileyo ukusuka kurhulumente ukuya kumbutho ukuya kwishishini, kunye nokuphucula inkqubo yenkxaso yolawulo.
Ekugqibeleni, idityaniswe nenkqubo yomthetho yamazwe aseYurophu naseMelika, imimiselo yolawulo efanelekileyo efana ne "Laser Product Safety Regulations" iye yabhengezwa ukucacisa izibophelelo zokhuseleko lweenkampani zokuvelisa kunye neenkampani ezifaka izicelo, kunye nokubonelela ngesikhokelo kunye nezithintelo kulwakhiwo oluthotyelwe. iinkampani ze-laser kunye neenkampani ze-laser application.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-07-2023